|
Lecturer(s)
|
-
Vašutová Martina, Mgr. Ph.D.
|
|
Course content
|
Content of lectures: 1. Introduction Main taxonomic groups of fungi and fungus like organisms. Unique characters of fungi. The importance of fungi. Trophic groups of fungi. Methods and problems in studying fungal ecology 2. Fungi and their abiotic environment Air, water and soil. Temperature, pH. The role of fungi in biogeochemical cycles. 3. Saprotrophic fungi General characteristic. Mycelial networks and enzyme production in competition for nutrients. Life-history strategies. Succession. 4. Saprotrophic fungi Lignicolous saprotrophs. Terrestrial saprotrophs. Saprotrophic fungi confined to special substrata (e.g. anthracophilous, fungicolous, graminicolous, herbicolous, coprophilous, muscicolous). 5. Mutualism Types of mutualistic symbiosis. Mycorrhiza, lichenism. Ectomycorrhizal symbiosis, specificity of interactions. Exploration types of ectomycorrhizas. 6. Mycorrhizal fungi Arbuscular mycorrhizal symbiosis, orchidaceous mycorrhizal symbiosis. Other types of mycorrhizal symbiosis. 7. Parasitic and pathogenic fungi Specificity of interactions. Necrotrophic and biotrophic pathogens. The host´s defence. Impacts of plant pathogenic fungi on plant communities. 8. The fungi and animals, other interactions of fungi Animals as predators, mutualists and victims. Nematophagous fungi. Fungi and bacteria, fungi and viruses. Fungal endophytes. 9. Individual, population, community. Fungi and ecological terms. Diversity and structure of fungal communities. 10. Spreading of fungi Sexual x asexual reproduction, spore types, production of fruit bodies, spore dispersal, dormancy. Geographical distribution of fungi. 11. Occurrence of fungi in the main biotopes of the Czech Republic Fungi of coniferous and deciduous forests. Fungi of grasslands and wetlands. The importance of ecotones. 12. Fungal conservation Threats to fungi. Fungi as indicators of habitat quality. Fungal conservation: approaches and principles. 13. Final seminar Students´ presentations of interesting papers from journals dealing with fungal ecology: Fungal Ecology, New Phytologist, etc. Content of practicals: A pilot study from the field of fungal ecology on topic selected by participants. The study includes short literature review, sampling in the field, sample processing (using microscope, stereomicroscope, cultivation, DNA methods), data analysis and presentation.
|
|
Learning activities and teaching methods
|
Monologic (reading, lecture, briefing), Dialogic (discussion, interview, brainstorming), Work with text (with textbook, with book), Monitoring, Laboratory, Project-based learning
- Semestral paper
- 8 hours per semester
- Class attendance
- 29 hours per semester
- Preparation for exam
- 13 hours per semester
- Preparation for classes
- 26 hours per semester
|
|
Learning outcomes
|
The aim is to broaden and connect the basic knowledge about the ecology of various trophic groups of fungi and to introduce the concept of an individual, population and community in mycology. Further, students will be acknowledged with current trends and methodological approaches in fungal ecology. Finally, the course gives a brief information on the occurrence of various fungal species (especially macromycetes) in different habitat types in the Czech Republic and fungal conservation .
Knowledge on fungal ecology and conservation for science and nature protection. Overview of recent books and journal on fungal ecology. Critical reading of papers on fungal ecology.
|
|
Prerequisites
|
Recommended courses: Mycology (KBO 135) or Introductury Botany, Phycology and Mycology (KBO 137) Detailed information on lichens are given in course Lichenologie (KBO 315), parasitic fungi on plants are a topic of course Obecná fytopatologie (KBO 324)
|
|
Assessment methods and criteria
|
Combined exam
Work on preliminary study on fungal ecology (practicals), presentation of a selected scientific paper.
|
|
Recommended literature
|
-
Boddy L., Frankland J.C., van West P. 2008. Ecology of Saprotrophic Basidiomycetes. Elsevier. 372 p..
-
Dix N.J., Webster J. 1995. Fungal ecology. Springer. 549 p..
-
Ekologie a význam hub. - http://www.sci.muni.cz/botany/mycology/ekolhub.htm.
-
Gryndler M. et al. 2004. Mykorhizní symbióza. Academia. 366 p..
-
Holec J., Beran M. eds. 2006. Červený seznam hub (makromycetů) České republiky. Příroda, Praha 24: 1-282..
-
Klán J. 1989. Co víme o houbách. SPN. 310 p..
-
Koukol O. et al.: Ekologie hub. - http://botany.natur.cuni.cz/koukol/ekologiehub/.
-
New Phytologist, Fungal Ecology, Nature, Science, PLoS ONE, ISME, etc..
-
Smith S. E., Read D. J. 2008. Mycorrhizal symbiosis. Academic Press, 800 p..
-
Dighton J., White J.F. The Fungal Community. Its organization and Role in the Ecosystem. 2017. ISBN 978-1-4987-0665-0.
-
Martin F. Molecular mycorrhizal symbiosis.. 2017.
-
Moore D., Robson G.D., Trinci A.P.J. 21st Century Guidebook to Fungi.. 2020. ISBN 978-1-108-74568-0.
|