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Lecturer(s)
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Vašutová Martina, Mgr. Ph.D.
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Course content
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Content of lectures: 1. Unique characters of fungi. The importance of fungi. Main groups of fungi. Oosporic fungi, chytrids and zygomycetous fungi 2. Ascomycota 3. Basidiomycota 4. Fungi and their abiotic environment. Air, water and soil. Temperature, pH. The role of fungi in biogeochemical cycles. 5. Saprotrophic fungi. General characteristic. Mycelial networks and enzyme production in competition for nutrients. Life-history strategies. Succession. 6. Saprotrophic fungi. Lignicolous saprotrophs. Terrestrial saprotrophs. Saprotrophic fungi confined to special substrata (e.g. anthracophilous, fungicolous, graminicolous, herbicolous, coprophilous, muscicolous). 7. Mutualism. Types of mutualistic symbiosis. Mycorrhiza, lichenism. Ectomycorrhizal symbiosis, specificity of interactions. Exploration types of ectomycorrhizas. 8. Mycorrhizal fungi. Arbuscular mycorrhizal symbiosis, orchidaceous mycorrhizal symbiosis. Other types of mycorrhizal symbiosis. 9. Parasitic and pathogenic fungi. Specificity of interactions. Necrotrophic and biotrophic pathogens. The host´s defence. Impacts of plant pathogenic fungi on plant communities. 10. The fungi and animals, other interactions of fungi. Animals as predators, mutualists and victims. Nematophagous fungi. Fungi and bacteria, fungi and viruses. Fungal endophytes. 11. Individual, population, community. Fungi and ecological terms. Diversity and structure of fungal communities. 12. Spreading of fungi. Sexual x asexual reproduction, spore types, production of fruit bodies, spore dispersal, dormancy. Geographical distribution of fungi. 13. Fungal conservation. Threats to fungi. Fungi as indicators of habitat quality. Fungal conservation: approaches and principles. Content of practicals: A pilot study on fungal ecology - topic selected by participants. The study includes short literature review, sampling in the field, sample processing (using microscope, stereomicroscope, cultivation, DNA methods), data analysis and presentation. One-day field mycological excursion Detailed information on lichens are given in course Lichenologie (KBO 315), parasitic fungi on plants are a topic of course Obecná fytopatologie (KBO 324)
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Learning activities and teaching methods
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Monologic (reading, lecture, briefing), Dialogic (discussion, interview, brainstorming), Work with text (with textbook, with book), Laboratory, Excursion, Project-based learning
- Class attendance
- 42 hours per semester
- Preparation for classes
- 26 hours per semester
- Preparation for exam
- 26 hours per semester
- Semestral paper
- 8 hours per semester
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Learning outcomes
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To obtain basic knowledge on fungi, their importance in ecosystems and interactions with other groups of organisms. Understaning the concept of an individual, population and community in mycology, main drivers of fungal assemblages and mechanisms of fungal spreading. Information on fungal conservation. Within practicals students will be introduced to current trends and methodological approaches in fungal ecology.
Knowledge on fungal ecology and conservation for science and nature protection. Overview of recent books and journal on fungal ecology. Critical reading of papers on fungal ecology.
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Prerequisites
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Recommended courses: Mycology (KBO 135) or Introductury Botany, Phycology and Mycology (KBO 137)
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Assessment methods and criteria
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Combined exam
Work on preliminary study on fungal ecology (practicals), presentation of a selected scientific paper.
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Recommended literature
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Boddy L., Frankland J.C., van West P. 2008. Ecology of Saprotrophic Basidiomycetes. Elsevier. 372 p..
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Dighton J., White J.F. 2017. The Fungal Community. Its organization and Role in the Ecosystem. ISBN 978-1-4987-0665-0..
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Dix N.J., Webster J. 1995. Fungal ecology. Springer. 549 p..
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Johnson N.C., Gehring C., Jansa J. 2017. Mycorrhizal mediation of soil. Elsevier. 509 p. ISBN 978-0-12-804312-7..
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Martin F. (ed.) 2017. Molecular mycorrhizal symbiosis. John Wiley & Sons, Inc. ISBN 978-1118951415..
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New Phytologist, Fungal Ecology, Mycorrhiza, Nature, Science, ISME, etc..
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Watkinson S., Boddy L., Money N. 2015. The Fungi. Academic Press. ISBN 978-0123820341.
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Moore D., Robson G.D., Trinci A.P.J. 21st Century Guidebook to Fungi.. 2020. ISBN 978-1-108-74568-0.
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