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Lecturer(s)
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Šantrůček Jiří, prof. Ing. CSc.
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Course content
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Content of lectures: 1. Stable isotopes of C, N, O, H, S. Physical and chemical principles of fractionation. 2. Fractionation of 13C in photosynthesis and respiration. Isotopic marker of water use efficiency. 3. Fractionation of oxygen isotopes during photosynthetic CO2 assimilation and transpiration. 4. 18O in plant dry matter. Interpretation of 18O signal. 5. Isotope fractionation in plant metabolism; intramolecular distribution of 13C, 18O, and 2D. 6. Soil, plant and mineral nutrition. 15N and 13C in soil biology. 7. Integration of processes in terrestrial ecosystems. Upscaling from leaf to canopy and ecosystems. 8. Integration of processes in marine ecosystems. Methodology, future perspectives. 9. Reconstruction of paleoclimate based on stable isotopes: near history. Tree rings, cellulose analyses; evolution of grassland ecosystems; reconstruction of human nutrition and mobility. 10. Climate change, fractionationin in hydro- and atmosphere. Isotope signal of atmospheric CO2 and global carbon cycle. 11. Application of isotope fractionation in medicine (gasterology), in custom and legislative practice. 12. Students essays. 13. Final test. Content of practices: Instrumental principles of isotope analyses. Excursions in stable isotope labs (Geological survey, Custom labs Prague, Grassland Science, Freising (Germany)
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Learning activities and teaching methods
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Monologic (reading, lecture, briefing)
- Class attendance
- 60 hours per semester
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Learning outcomes
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Comprehensive treatise on natural abundance and fractionation of stable isotopes in biosphere and on employment of stable isotope techniques in plant physiology, ecology, biogeochemistry and legislative and custom practice.
The graduate will posses knowledge on natural occurence and fractionation of stable isotopes in plant and animal bodies and in their environment. He/she will be able to design and evaluate the experiments based on stable isotope labelling techniques.
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Prerequisites
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Secondary school knowledge in biochemistry and biology is expected. Special course for Ph.D. study field Physiology and Developmental Biology is open in the case of overflow capacity of the KEBR/620 course.
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Assessment methods and criteria
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Combined exam
Under supervision of project leader student learn about a work published in scientific journal and related to some of the lecture topics and refers at the course meeting in the last day of the course. Examination is oral or in the form of written test, the course is credited after successful presentation and defence of the project results.
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Recommended literature
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Ehleringer J.R., Hall A.E., Farquhar G.D. (Eds) 1993. Stable isotopes and Plant Carbon-Water Relations. Academic Press, London.
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Griffiths H. (Ed) 1998. Stable isotopes. Integration of biological, ecological and geochemical processes. Bios, Oxford, UK.
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Griffiths H. et al.1999: Stable isotopes reveal exchanges between soil, plants and the atmosphere. In: Press M.C., Scholes J., Barker M.G. (eds.) Physiological Plant Ecology. Blackwell Sci.
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Šantrůček J., Šantrůčková H. a kol. Stabilní izotopy biogenních prvků. Použití v biologii a ekologii. Academia, Praha, 2018.
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