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Lecturer(s)
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Věchtová Pavlína, RNDr. Ph.D.
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Štěrba Ján, RNDr. Ph.D.
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Course content
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Content of lectures: Introduction to toxicology, short history, importance for biology and biomedicine. Toxicokinetics and toxicodynamics. Biomacromolecules as target of toxic substances (enzymes, receptors, proteins of cytoskelet, mitochondria and ribosomes, DNA etc.). Xenobiochemistry. Ekotoxicology. Review toxicology of the most considerable bacterial, cyanobacterial, fungal, plant and animal toxins. Natural and synthetic poisons. Xenobiotics in environment. Content of practicals: Toxicogenetics - detoxification enzymes (CYP2D6, ADH, ALDH). Determination of potentially toxic substances in beverages and our environment.
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Learning activities and teaching methods
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Monologic (reading, lecture, briefing), Dialogic (discussion, interview, brainstorming), Work with text (with textbook, with book), Laboratory
- Class attendance
- 60 hours per semester
- Semestral paper
- 25 hours per semester
- Preparation for credit
- 10 hours per semester
- Preparation for exam
- 20 hours per semester
- Preparation for classes
- 15 hours per semester
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Learning outcomes
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Xenobiochemistry studies the metabolic conversion of xenobiotics, different natural compounds, drugs and environmental contaminants. Xenobiochemistry explains pharmacological and toxicological consequences of presence of xenobiotics in living organism. Many natural compounds may be characterized as poisons and these are subject of interest of toxicology. Poisons are chemical substances harmful to living organisms including humans. These chemicals are produced by all forms of living organisms: bacteria, fungi, plants and animals or are produced by humans.
Final Competences: -To have knowledge of and to have insight in theme of xenobiochemistry and toxicology -To have knowledge of and to have insight in the general principles toxicology, fate of toxicants in organism, absorption and distribution, biotransformation, bio-active metabolites, elimination, acumulation. -To have knowledge of possible mechanism of toxic action. -To have knowledge of special toxicity effects: teratogenicity, hepatotoxicity, nephrotoxicity, immunotoxicity, neurotoxicity. -To have knowledge of principle of analytical methods in toxicology.
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Prerequisites
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Knowledge from courses: Cell biology, Molecular Biology, Biochemistry
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Assessment methods and criteria
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Essay, Student performance assessment, Combined exam, Test, Interim evaluation
The student must actively participate in the practical part, prepare an essay on a selected topic related to xenobiochemistry and toxicology, and pass the tests. Knowledge of toxicological principles and xenobiochemical pathways will be needed to pass the test.
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Recommended literature
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Duffus JH, Worth HGJ. Fundamental toxicology. Cambridge: RSC. 2006, 490 pp.
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Hodgson E. A Textbook of Modern Toxicology. Third Edition. John Wiley and sons, Inc. 557 pp..
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