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Lecturer(s)
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Šimek Karel, prof. RNDr. CSc.
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Sirová Dagmara, RNDr. Ph.D.
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Kasalický Vojtěch, Mgr. Ph.D.
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Course content
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Content of lectures: Bacteria in natural waters and methods for determination of their abundance. Microscopic and cultivation based approaches to determine total numbers of bacteria. Numbers and cell volumes of bacteria in various aquatic ecosystems, methods of its determination. Taxonomy of aquatic bacteria. Bacterial identification based on numerical and probability methods, an analysis of bacterial genome and rRNA-sequencing. Bacterial uptake of substrates and growth of bacteria under a limited substrate availability . Uptake kinetics under low substrate concentrations. Determination of growth rate, production and activity of bacteria. Modeling of growth in continuous culture. Respiration rate of aquatic bacteria. Oxidation to assimilation ratios under low substrate concentrations . Biochemical oxygen demand in natural water samples. Environmental factors influencing growth and metabolism of aquatic bacteria. Temperature, oxygen concentration, surfaces, attachment of bacteria. Microbial interactions in aquatic ecosystems . Positive interactions: bacteria bacteria, bacteria algae. Negative interactions. Biomass of bacteria in various water ecosystems. Influences of flow rate, substrate supply, different spatial distribution of biomass. Contribution of bacterial production to the total production of water ecosystems . Phytoplankton primary production versus secondary production of bacteria. Bacterial growth efficiency. Bacteria in carbon cycle. Uptake and assimilation of substrates under aerobic and anaerobic conditions in water column and sediments. Bacterial processes in nitrogen cycle. Assimilation of peptides, nitrification, denitrification and nitrate reduction . Bacterial processes in cycles of phosphorus and sulfur . Pathogenic bacteria in water, survival, disinfecting. Bacterial indicators in water, methods of their determination. Bacterial processes in waste water treatment plants. Aerobic treatment - activation - bacteria and protists. Anaerobic treatment. Content of practices:
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Learning activities and teaching methods
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Monologic (reading, lecture, briefing), Work with text (with textbook, with book)
- Class attendance
- 30 hours per semester
- Preparation for classes
- 10 hours per semester
- Preparation for exam
- 40 hours per semester
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Learning outcomes
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The aim of the lecture is to explain the major principles of aquatic microbial ecology, to show the recent findings and to outline the major directions of the research in the filed of aquatic microbial ecology. Namely the following areas will be pointed out: The role of bacteria in carbon and nutrient cycling, an identification of aquatic microorganisms with the use of classical cultivation-based approaches compared to those derived from modern molecular-biology approaches, the most important interactions within members of microbial food webs, coupling of microbial food webs with higher trophic levels.
Students will learn about the latest advances in the field of aquatic microbial ecology, covering especially the following areas: (i) the role of bacteria in the nutrient cycles, (ii) modern methods of identification of microorganisms from the aquatic environment (building on combination of modern molecular approaches with the classical cultivation-based approaches), and (iii) major carbon and energy fluxes through microbial food webs to higher trophic levels with plenty of representative examples of positive and negative trophic interactions within microbes in aquatic food webs.
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Prerequisites
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Students are recommended to enroll in the course KBE / 465 - "Special Limnology" together with this course. Students are expected to master and become at least familiar with the very basic concepts of microbiology.
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Assessment methods and criteria
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unspecified
To meet basic course requirements for successful exam (minimum 50%).
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Recommended literature
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Straškrábová, V., Šimek, K., Vrba, J. (2005) Long-term development of reservoir ecosystems - changes in pelagic food webs and their microbial component. Limnetica, 24 (1-2): 9-20.
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Overbeck, Jürgen,; Chróst, Ryszard J. Aquatic microbial ecology : Biochemical and molecular approaches. 1st ed. Berlin : Springer, 1990. ISBN 3-540-97222-6.
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Pernthaler, J. Predation on prokaryotes in the water column and its ecological implications. Nature Reviews Microbiology 3(7): 537-546.. 2005.
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Rulík, Martin. Mikrobiální ekologie vod. 1. vyd. Olomouc : Univerzita Palackého v Olomouci, 2013. ISBN 978-80-244-3477-3.
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Straškrábová, Viera. Mikrobiální ekologie vody. 1. vyd. Praha : Ministerstvo životního prostředí ČR, 1996. ISBN 80-85368-88-9.
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