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Lecturer(s)
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Šimek Miloslav, prof. Ing. CSc.
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Moudrý Jan, doc. Ing. Ph.D.
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Course content
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Content: Soil as an environment for soil organisms. Edafon and its division (size and functional point of view). Occurrence and distribution of microorganisms and animals in soil, methodological approaches. Influence of abiotic factors on the function of the soil microbial community. Carbon cycle: entry of organic matter into the soil, composition, turnover and binding of organic matter in the soil, formation of soil organic matter. Processes of decomposition of organic substances. Nitrogen cycle and the role of soil organisms: mineralization and immobilization of N, nitrification. Protein ammonization. Denitrification and volatilization of ammonia. Chemodenitrification, respiratory denitrification. Factors influencing denitrification, importance of denitrification in the N cycle. Fixation of molecular nitrogen. Processes of conversion of phosphorus, sulfur and other biogenic elements. Soil animals. Main groups, importance in soil. Soil microorganisms. Main groups, importance in soil. Relationships between organisms in soil. Interactions between populations of microorganisms, between microorganisms and animals. Microbial processes in the rhizosphere. Influence of anthropogenic factors on soil microbial communities. Soil degradation. Pollutants in soil, their persistence and decomposition. Bioremediation of damaged soils.
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Learning activities and teaching methods
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Dialogic (discussion, interview, brainstorming), Work with text (with textbook, with book), Work with multi-media resources (texts, internet, IT technologies)
- Preparation for classes
- 90 hours per semester
- Preparation for exam
- 50 hours per semester
- Semestral paper
- 80 hours per semester
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Learning outcomes
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The aim of the course is (1) to give a comprehensive picture of the structure and function of communities of organisms in the soil, especially their involvement in the cycles of carbon, nitrogen and other biogenic elements - nutrients; (2) to get acquainted with the influence of biotic and abiotic factors on soil organisms; (3) emphasize the role of soil micro-organisms and soil animals in soil formation and development processes; (4) explain the role of soil organisms in maintaining and increasing soil fertility.
Ability to apply knowledge and experience in further work
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Prerequisites
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Completion of a university master's or engineering study of science resp. agricultural focus
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Assessment methods and criteria
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Oral examination
Elaboration and presentation of an essay on a given topic.
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Recommended literature
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Benkeblia, N. (ed.):. Agroecology, Ecosystems, and Sustainability. CRC Press - Taylor & Francis Group, 2015.
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Brady, N. C., Weil, R. R. The nature and properties of soils.. Prentice Hall,, 2011.
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Gobat, J.-M., Aragno, M., Matthey, W.:. The living soil.. Science Publishers, 2004.
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Šimek, M. et al.:. Úvod do půdní biologie. Texty přednášek a metodické návody ke cvičení poskytnuté studentům v elektronické formě..
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Šimek, Miloslav. Živá půda. (1), Biologie půdy. Vydání první. Praha : Academia, 2019. ISBN 978-80-200-2976-8.
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Šimek, Miloslav. Živá půda. (2), Ekologie, využívání a degradace půdy. Vydání první. Praha : Academia, 2019. ISBN 978-80-200-2976-8.
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Wall, D.H. (ed.):. Soil Ecology and Ecosystem Services.. Oxford University Press, 2013.
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Xu, J, Sparks, D.L. (eds.):. Molecular Environmental Soil Science. Springer,, 2013.
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