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Lecturer(s)
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Tahovská Karolina, RNDr. Ph.D.
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Hais Martin, RNDr. Ph.D.
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Course content
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Content of lectures: 1. pedosphere, soil functions, self-cleaning function, soil characteristics, local and global contamination 2. soil degradation - forms and types, chemical and physical degradation, dynamics of soil processes, soil contamination, sources and mechanisms of contamination, contamination vs. pollution, eco-toxicology, the interaction, distribution and migration of contaminants in soil, factors 3. organic pollutants (volatile and semi-volatile, oil compounds) 4. inorganic pollutants (heavy metals, grit salts, radionuclide) 5. acidification, eutrophication, acidification, salinization, alkalization 6. water regime extremes, desertification 7. soil loses, mining, erosion, protection against erosion, deforestation, recultivation 8. soil compaction, organic matter loses, composition and importance of soil organic matter (SOM), SOM sources, agricultural technologies, organic fertilizers, soil restoration 9. built environment, overbuilding, brownfields 10. biological degradation, biodiversity loss 11. decontamination, methods, landfilling, old contaminated sites, remediation, bioremediation 12. soil protection, legislative, specifics of soil protection in the context of land-use, indicators of soil quality, soil monitoring 13. use of geo-informatics in the monitoring of soil degradation and in the soil protection 14. soil condition in the Czech Republic Content of practicals: In practises, methods of soil sampling and methods used to assess soil degradation (basic indicators of soil degradation) with respect to the changes in soil microbial activity after an anthropogenic manipulation will be focused.
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Learning activities and teaching methods
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Monologic (reading, lecture, briefing), Dialogic (discussion, interview, brainstorming), Work with text (with textbook, with book), Demonstration, Projection, Laboratory, E-learning, Case studies
- Preparation for exam
- 60 hours per semester
- Class attendance
- 20 hours per semester
- Preparation for classes
- 25 hours per semester
- Preparation for credit
- 45 hours per semester
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Learning outcomes
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The main aim of the lecture is to introduce the issue of soil degradation (chemical, physical, and biological) and contamination (resp. pollution). We will define mechanisms and dynamics of soil degradation and contamination and types and sources of major contaminants. Then, functioning of pollutants in soil (resp. environment) and the interaction with organisms will be presented, including the possibilities of remediation. We will address also topics as soil protection and the situation of soil contamination and degradation in the Czech Republic (including legislative and monitoring). In practises, methods of soil sampling and methods used to assess soil degradation (basic indicators of soil degradation) with respect to the changes in the soil microbial activity after an anthropogenic manipulation will be focused.
Students will be oriented in the problematics of soil degradation (chemical, physical, and biological) and contamination (resp. pollution). They will know mechanisms and dynamics of soil degradation and contamination and types and sources of major contaminants, functioning of pollutants in soil (resp. environment) and the interaction with organisms will be presented, including the possibilities of remediation. They will be able to consider the suitability of using of particular remediation technology. They will be able to take soil samples, analysed them and determine basic biological indicators of soil degradation.
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Prerequisites
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basics of chemistry soil ecology and microbiology, biogeochemical cycles soil ecology course is needed/or can be joined in the same semester as soil degradation course safety codes of working in laboratory
KBE/521
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Assessment methods and criteria
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Written examination, Essay, Student performance assessment, Development of laboratory protocols
For successful passing, laboratory practises including submitting short report and data is needed. Then, there is 5min presentation and an essay (100-1200 words, free soil degradation theme) that students submit. The test is written and student must pass at least with 50%.
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Recommended literature
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Alexander, M.: Biodegradation and bioremediation. Academic Press, San Diego 1994..
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Alloway, B.J. (ed.) : Heavy metals in soils. Blackie Academic, London 1995. .
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Káš J. a kol.: Biochemie životního prostředí. VŠCHT, Praha 1996. .
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Salomons, W., Stigliami W.M. (eds.): Biogeodynamics of pollutants in soils and sediments. Springer, Berlin 1995. .
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Šimek, M.: Základy nauky o půdě. 4. Degradace půdy. BF JU 2004. .
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Walker C.H. et al.: Principles of ecotoxicology. Taylor-Francis, London 2001..
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Jiří Slouka, Petr Beneš. Základy remediace kontaminovaného půdního prostředí. Chrudim, 2016. ISBN 978-80-86832-97-5.
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kolektiv autorů. Kompendium sanačních technologií. Chrudim, 2006. ISBN 80-86832-15-5.
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