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Lecturer(s)
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Wrzaczek Michael, doc. MSc. Ph.D.
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Course content
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Lecture 1. Plant development I - Introduction to the course - Plant development overview - Embryo development - Shoot and root apical meristems Lecture 2. Plant development II - Leaf development and cell expansion - Stomatal development - Root development and radial patterning - Vascular development Lecture 3. Water balance of plants - Thermal, cohesive and adhesive properties of water - Water transport processes - Water in soil, adsorption by roots and transport through xylem - Water movement from the leaf into the atmosphere - Soil--Plant--Atmosphere continuum Lecture 4. Solute transport - Passive and active transport - Membrane transport processes and membrane transport proteins - Ion transport in the roots Lecture 5. Light reactions of photosynthesis - Organisation of the photosynthetic apparatus and of the LH-complexes - Mechanisms of electron transport - Photon translocation and ATP-synthesis - Repair of the photosynthetic machinery - Genetics, assembly and evolution of photosynthetic systems - Photosynthetic responses to light, temperature, CO2 levels Lecture 6. Dark reactions of photosynthesis, photoprotective mechanisms and photorespiration - The Calvin cycle and its regulation - Photoprotective mechanisms - Photorespiration - CO2 concentrating mechanisms: CO2 and HCO3- pumps - The C4-cycle - CAM metabolism Lecture 7. Translocation in the phloem - Starch and sucrose metabolism - Pathways of translocation: Sources and sinks - Translocation in the phloem: - Molecules translocated and rates of movement - The pressure-flow model - Phloem loading and unloading, allocation and partitioning - Transport of signal molecules Lecture 8. Respiration and lipid metabolism - Glycolysis: A cytosolic and plastid process - Citric acid cycle - Mitochondrial electron transport and ATP synthesis - Respiration in intact plants and tissues - Lipid metabolism: Fatty acid and lipid biosynthesis and breakdown Lecture 9. Assimilation of mineral nutrients: - Nitrogen: Nitrate and ammonium assimilation and amino acid biosynthesis - Nitrogen fixation - Sulfur assimilation - Phosphate assimilation - Energetics of nutrient assimilation Lecture 10. Mineral nutrition and abiotic stress - Essential nutrients, deficiencies, and plant disorders - Plant responses to abiotic stress conditions Lecture 11. Secondary metabolism and plant defence - Cutin, waxes and suberin - Secondary metabolites - Terpenes - Phenolic compounds - Nitrogen-containing compounds - Induced plant defences against insect herbivores and pathogens Lecture 12. Cell walls: Structure, biogenesis and expansion - Structure and synthesis of plant cell walls - Patterns and rate of cell expansion - Wall degradation and plant defence Lecture 13. Revision and Q&A
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Learning activities and teaching methods
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Monologic (reading, lecture, briefing), Dialogic (discussion, interview, brainstorming), Work with text (with textbook, with book), Individual preparation for exam, Group work
- Preparation for credit
- 10 hours per semester
- Preparation for exam
- 40 hours per semester
- Class attendance
- 25 hours per semester
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Learning outcomes
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The course Plant Physiology is a condensed version of the Czech course Plant Physiology KEBR/220. The lecture is recommended for doctoral students (Integrative Biology - Plant physiology section) to complete their education (if needed), and for other students of English programs, incl. incoming Erasmus students.
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Prerequisites
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The course introduces the subject and assumes basic knowledge of cell biology.
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Assessment methods and criteria
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Written examination, Essay
During the course students will write two short essays on a given topic, an article is provided as a starting point for the students. The course concludes with a written exam; students will receive a selection of questions at the beginning of the course, which will help understanding the nature of the examination. You may have all your notes and books with you in the exam. The final grade of the exam will be 50% of writing assignments and 50% the result of the exam.
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Recommended literature
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Taiz L., Zeiger E., M?ller I.M. and Murphy A. (2018): Plant Physiology and Development. 7th edition. Sinauer Associates. ISBN: 9781605357454..
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