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Lecturer(s)
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Čurn Vladislav, prof. Ing. Ph.D.
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Beran Pavel, Ing. Ph.D.
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Course content
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Historical overview of the development of the methodology of plant explant cultures. Regulation of morphogenesis. Basic regeneration processes. Genetic and phenotypic variability of explant cultures. Possibilities and perspectives of using biotechnologies in plant breeding. Basics of genetic engineering. Gene and genome structure, genome characteristics of model plants from the point of view of genetic engineering. Transposomes, repetitive sequences, use for gene cloning. Mitochondria, chloroplasts and viruses from the point of view of genetic engineering. Viral genes, viruses as gene vectors. Transgenesis of plants by Agrobacterium bacteria. Ti plasmids of Agrobacterium tumefaciens and Ri plasmids of A. rhizogenes. Integration of T-DNA into the plant genome and its consequences. T-DNA genes, mechanism of T-DNA integration. Genes for anti-sence RNA. Transgenes important for breeding. Direct introduction of genes into the plant genome. Transformation of protoplasts, tissue and organ cultures, electroporation, microinjection, microprojectiles. Genetic engineering of symbiotic and pathogenic microorganisms. Genetic engineering of other groups: algae, yeast, fungi, animals and humans. Ecological aspects of genetic engineering.
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Learning activities and teaching methods
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Monologic (reading, lecture, briefing)
- Semestral paper
- 90 hours per semester
- Preparation for classes
- 50 hours per semester
- Class attendance
- 56 hours per semester
- Preparation for exam
- 50 hours per semester
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Learning outcomes
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The aim of the course is to master the use of methods of transformation of genetic information in genetic research and plant breeding and to clarify the physiology and genetics of plant tissue cultures and to point out the use of biotechnological methods in genetics and breeding of field, garden and ornamental plants and trees.
The student can independently navigate in the given issue and is able to use the acquired knowledge in their scientific activities or other practice.
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Prerequisites
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The student is familiar with the issues within the scope of university studies and is willing to study independently.
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Assessment methods and criteria
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Oral examination
Standard knowledge of genetics, physiology and biochemistry of plants.
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Recommended literature
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Novák, F.J. Explantátové kultury. Praha, Academia 1990, 208 s..
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Ondřej M., Drobník J. Transgenoze rostlin, Academia Praha, 2002, 316 s..
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Ondřej, M. Genové inženýrství kulturních rostlin. Praha, Academia 1992, 232 s..
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