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Lecturer(s)
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Kvičerová Jana, MVDr. Ph.D.
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Course content
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Content of lectures: 1. Mechanisms of infectious diseases, dynamics of infection, characteristics of infectious agents (causality, factors influencing the development of infection, basic features of infectious agents - virulence, pathogenicity, toxicity, resistance) 2. Process of transmission and propagation of infectious diseases, susceptibility of population, prevalence, incidence (basic characteristics of the epidemic process, sources of the infection agents, modes of transmission) 3. Natural foci of diseases, reservoir, vector, epidemiological models (formation and characteristics of the disease foci, bases of epidemiological modelling) 4. Zoonoses (viral, bacterial and parasitic infections that can be transmitted from animals to humans, and vice versa) 5. Imported parasitic diseases, nosocomial infections, case history (i.e. what we can "bring" from the exotic destinations as well as from the Czech hospital + specific cases) 6. Clinically important and most frequent infectious diseases of dogs and cats + therapy (facts and news on the most frequent infectious diseases of dogs and cats, their diagnostics and therapy) 7. Clinically important and most frequent infectious diseases of small mammals and exotic animals in captivity (rabbits, rodents, hedgehogs, turtles and tortoises, lizards, snakes, birds) + therapy (facts and news on the most frequent infectious diseases of other pet animals in captivity, their diagnostics and therapy) 8. Current and problematic infectious agents in the Czech Republic (Leptospira, Listeria, Borrelia, Ehrlichia, Bartonella, Chlamydia, Mycoplasma, cytomegalovirus) (facts, news and peculiarities about frequent and problematic diseases with difficult diagnostics) 9. TSE (transmissible spongiform encephalopathy, prion diseases) 10. Mycotic diseases (diseases of animals and man caused by pathogenic fungi and their products) 11. Antiparasitic therapy, vaccination (types of antiparasitic drugs, their effect and use, resistance to antiparasitic drugs; immunologic principles of vaccination, types of vaccines, vaccination schemes) 12. Antibiotics, mechanisms of activity, principles of use, resistance (basic types of antibiotics and mechanisms of their effect, development of resistance, indication for use, suitability of individual types of antibiotics) Content of practicals: 1. Clinical examination of an animal, pitfalls, findings, examination of skin scrapes 2. Flotation technique, most frequent findings in individual animals and their interpretation 3. Larvoscopy, sedimentation, examination of stained faecal smears 4. Blood collection, blood smear staining, microscopy 5. Principles of sterile laboratory work, cultivations 6. Serological tests 7. Clinical epidemiology - alert system, foci announcement, repressive antiepidemics measures, principles of animal transport, quarantine 8. Clinical trials, epidemiologic analyses, risk assessment 9. Experimental animals in use, principles, legislation 10. Dissection of an animal, post-mortem examination, methods of sampling
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Learning activities and teaching methods
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Monologic (reading, lecture, briefing), Dialogic (discussion, interview, brainstorming), Skills training, Laboratory, Practical training
- Class attendance
- 100 hours per semester
- Preparation for classes
- 15 hours per semester
- Preparation for credit
- 20 hours per semester
- Preparation for exam
- 50 hours per semester
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Learning outcomes
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The lecture series is composed of four parts: Section of "General epidemiology" is focused on conditions and mechanisms of development, transmission and propagation of infectious diseases. Susceptibility of populations, origin and characteristics of foci of diseases, circulation of pathogens between animals and man, and epidemiological modelling will be also studied. Section of "Clinical veterinary parasitology" is focused on etiological agents that are common in animals treated as pets in our country, their diagnostics, therapy and prophylaxis. Section of "Clinical epidemiology" is focused on emerging infections in our country/Europe, their diagnostics, therapy, peculiarities and interesting cases. "Therapeutical part" is focused on antiparasitic and antibiotic therapy, their mechanisms and development of resistance. The purpose of practice is to try various diagnostic methods, and to learn how to interpretate the obtained results. This course is suitable for students of the Master´s and Doctoral programmes (with basic knowledge on parasitology, microbiology, immunology and microscopy).
Knowledge on mechanisms, origin and development of infectious diseases. Knowledge on basic medical terminology. Knowledge on host-infectious agent relationships. Knowledge on evaluation of diagnostic and screening tests and randomized clinical studies. Knowledge on the most important viral, bacterial, parasitic and prion agents and their veterinary and medical importance. Knowledge on basic zoonoses, i.e. infections transmissible from animals to man, and conditions of their transmission. Knowledge on basic diagnostics including the most commonly used methods of detection, therapy, and prevention. Knowledge on mechanisms of effect of antibiotics and antiparasitics and indications for their use.
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Prerequisites
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This course is rather suitable for students of the Master´s and Doctoral programmes (with basic knowledge on parasitology, microbiology, immunology and microscopy). It is a special course of the Parasitology study programme, however, it may be suitable also for students of other Master´s and Doctoral study programmes (e.g. Medical Biology, Zoology). The course requires basic knowledge on zoology and parasitology.
KPA/494 and KPA/482
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Assessment methods and criteria
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Oral examination
Requirements: Successful passing of the course requires: 1. The attendance of all practicals lessons. 2. Successful passing of the oral exam that is composed of questions on information gained during the course - successful answering at least 70% of the questions and successful solving of the assigned epidemiological example.
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Recommended literature
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Beaty BJ, Marquardt WC: The Biology of Disease Vectors. University Press of Colorado, 1996..
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doporučené internetové odkazy (portály WHO, SVS, SZÚ).
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Gordis L: Epidemiology. Saunders, Elsevier Inc., 2008..
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Hejzlar M: Antibiotika v praxi. Galén, 1995..
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Jedličková A: Antimikrobiální terapie v každodenní praxi. Maxdorf Praha, 2010..
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Jedličková A, Mašata J, Skořepová M: Lokální mykózy. Maxdorf, 2008..
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Jedličková A: Systémové mykózy. Maxdorf, 2006..
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Jurášek V, Dubinský P: Veterinárna parazitológia. Príroda a.s., 1993..
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Kate M, Despommier DD, Gwadz R: Parasitic Diseases. Springer-Verlag, 1982..
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Lochmann O: Zásady léčby antibiotiky I., II. ČLS JEP, 2002..
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o prezentace a materiály z přednášek.
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Podstatová R: Hygiena a epidemiologie pro ambulantní praxi. Maxdorf, 2010..
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Registrované veterinární léčivé přípravky 2014. Prion, s.r.o., 2014..
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Rothman KJ: Epidemiology: An Introduction. Oxford University Press, 2012..
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Rothman KJ, Greenland S, Lash TL: Modern Epidemiology. Wolters Cluver, Lippincott Williams & Wilkins, 2012..
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Szklo M, Nieto J: Epidemiology Beyond the Basic. Jones & Bartlett Learning, LLC, an Ascend Learning Company, 2012..
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Šimůnek J, Smola J: Antibiotika, sulfonamidy a chinolony ve veterinární medicíně. LAST Steinhauser, 1998..
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Thienpont D, Rochette F, Vanparijs OFJ: Diagnosing Helminthiasis through Coprological Examination. Janssen Research Foundation, 1979..
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Thomas F, Renaud F, Guégan J-F: Parasitism & Ecosystems. Oxford University Press, 2005..
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Zajac AM, Conboy GA: Veterinary Clinical Parasitology. Blackwell Publishing, 2006..
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Zákon č. 166/1999 Sb., o veterinární péči a o změně souvisejících zákonů (veterinární zákon).
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Zákon č. 246/1992 Sb., na ochranu zvířat proti týrání.
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