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Lecturer(s)
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Lhotská Zuzana, RNDr.
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Ditrich Oleg, doc. RNDr. CSc.
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Course content
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Students are given presentations from lectures. Content of lectures: 1. Parasitology as clinical discipline. Most important parasites of human. Facilities dealing with diagnostics and therapy of parasitoses. Safety precausions in parasitological lab. 2 - 5. Intestinal protozoa - pathogenic and nonpathogenic amoebae in human intestine. Intestinal and extraintestinal amoebosis caused by Entamoeba histolytica. Trichrome staining of stool smears. Cultivation of Entamoeba histolytica; pathogenic and nonpathogenic flagellates in human intestine. Giardiosis caused by Giardia intestinalis .Giemsa staining. Cultivation of Giardia intestinalis; Balantidium coli and balantidiosis. Intestinal Coccidia. Cryptosporidiosis and cyclosporosis. Methylviolet staining. Concentration methods - flotation and M.I.F.C. 5 - 7. Intestinal helminths - Trematoda. Fasciolopsis, Haplorchis, Heterophyes, Metagonimus - life cycles and diseases. Concentration methods: AMS III, demonstration of intestinal trematodes; Cestodes. Taenia, Diphylobothryum, Hymenolepis - life cycles and diseases. Parasitological excursion: collection of freshwater molluscs for examination; Nematoda. Enterobius, Ascaris, Trichuris, Ancylostoma, Necator, Strongyloides - life cycles and diseases. Determination of eggs and larvae. 8 Schistosoma mansoni, S. haematobium, S. japonicum - life cycles and diseases. Other schistosomes. Trichobilharzia and cercarial dermatitis. Water molluscs - demonstratin of larval stages of trematodes. 9 - 11. Helminths in human tissues. Cysticercosis, Echinococcosis, Angiostrongyloidosis; Trichinelosis. Dracunculoidosis. Filariosis. Larval toxocarosis; Fasciolosis, opisthorchosis, clonorchosis, paragonimosis. Rare helminths in human tissues. 12. Malaria I. Plasmodium falciparum, P. vivax, P. ovale, P. malariae. Causative agents and life cycles. Blood smears, staining, differential diagnostics. 13. Malária II. Immune response to malaria. Problems of therapy and resistance. Babesia and babesiosis. Determination of causative agents. Parasitaemia evaluation. Content of practices:
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Learning activities and teaching methods
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Monologic (reading, lecture, briefing), Demonstration, Laboratory
- Preparation for exam
- 200 hours per semester
- Class attendance
- 65 hours per semester
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Learning outcomes
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Familiarization with basic data about human parasites (protozoa, helminths, arthropods) and about diseases transmitted by these parasites. The course is based on the assumption that students have already completed at least 1 x course of animal system and the inclusion of parasitic organisms in it. It is therefore not traditionally organized according to systematic groups, but rather from a practical point of view, according to the prasites of individual organs, tissues, etc. . The focus is placed on autochthonous parasites, of course, important pathogens of tropical parasitoses are included.
Students will become acquainted with important parasites pathogenic to humans, their life cycles, possibilities of diagnostics and therapy. A half only, continues KPA459
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Prerequisites
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Zoology of ivertebrates
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Assessment methods and criteria
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Combined exam, Test
Participation in seminars: cognitive test. A) credit: 1. Submission of protocols from practices (including drawings of microscopic specimens) 2. Determination of the parasite on a microscopic specimen (it is not always necessary to know the species, but at least the group. Logical reactions to additional information and questions are important). B) exam: Answer at least 2/3 of the written test questions correctly. In the following oral part of the exam to prove that the wrong answers were caused by omission, mistake, etc., not fundamental ignorance of the relevant part of the topic. If all the questions are answered correctly, answer at least 1 of the two supplementary oral questions correctly.
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Recommended literature
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Ash L.R., Orihel T.C., 1990: Atlas of human Parasitology. III. vydání, ASCP Chicago, 1 - 262.
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Bednář a kol., 1994: Lékařská mikrobiologie. (část věnovaná parazitózám).
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Garcia L.S., Bruckner D.A., 1993: Diagnostic Medical Parasitology. II. vydání, ASM Washington, 1 - 764.
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Halton D.W., Behnke J.M., Marshall I.: Practical exercises in parasitology. Cambridge 2000, 1 - 461.
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Jírovec O. a kol., 1977: Parasitologie pro lékaře, III. vydání, AVICENUM Praha, 1 - 798.
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Orihel T.C., Ash L.R., 1995: Parasites in human tissues. ASCP Chicago, 1 - 386.
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Peter W., Giles H.M. Color Atlas of Tropical Medicine and Parasitology. Fourth Edition. Mosby - Wolfe. 1995.
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Ryšavý B. a kol., 1988: Základy parazitologie. SPN Praha, 1 - 205.
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Schmidt G.D., Roberts L. Foundations of Parasitology. Fifth Edition. Wm. C. Brown Publishers. 1996.
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Skripta: Horák P., Scholz T. Biologie helmintů. Univerzita Karlova. 1998.
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Votýpka a kol. O parazitech a lidech. Praha, 2018. ISBN 978-80-7553-350-0.
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