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Lecturer(s)
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Štěrba Ján, RNDr. Ph.D.
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Věchtová Pavlína, RNDr. Ph.D.
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Course content
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Content of lectures: 1. Introduction, definition of xenobiotic and xenobiochemistry, history, the fate of xenobiotics in the organism, transport, distribution, accumulation, metabolism and elimination. 2. I., II., and III. Phase of biotransformation, reactions and enzymes. 3. Cytochromes P450, FMO and other oxidative enzymes. 4. Reductive enzymes. 5. Reactions of II. phase of biotransformation. 6. Reactions of II. phase of biotransformation. 7. Factors influencing biotransformation. 8. Activation and inactivation of biotransformation enzymes (Ah receptors and other nuclear receptors). 9. Biotransformation in organs, organ toxicity. 10. Biotransformation in organs, organ toxicity. 11. Biotransformation in the foetus and placenta, toxicity and accumulation of xenobiotics in the foetus. 12. Examples of biotransformation of specific xenobiotics (drugs etc.). Ecotoxicology. Content of practicals: DNA damage detection, methods for detection of mutations, determination of activity of biotransforming enzymes, determination of mutations affecting the activity of biotransforming enzymes (e.g. CYP2D6, ADH, ALDH). Analytical methods in toxicology - LC-MS, GC-MS etc.
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Learning activities and teaching methods
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Monologic (reading, lecture, briefing), Laboratory, Activating (simulations, games, drama)
- Preparation for classes
- 18 hours per semester
- Preparation for exam
- 15 hours per semester
- Class attendance
- 52 hours per semester
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Learning outcomes
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The fate of xenobiotics will be introduced to the students, xenobiotics metabolism, and the metabolic pathways.
Student learns the basics of xenobiochemical processes
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Prerequisites
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Biochemistry , Cell biology, Molecular biology
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Assessment methods and criteria
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Essay, Student performance assessment, Combined exam, Test, Interim evaluation
The student must actively participate in the practical part, prepare an essay on a selected topic, and pass the test.
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Recommended literature
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Casarett & Doull's Essentials of Toxicology, 2nd Ed., Curtis D. Klaassen, John B. Watkins III, McGraw-Hill 2010.
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Molecular Toxicology, 2nd Ed., P. David Josephy, Bengt Mannervik, Oxford University Press, 2006.
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The Chemistry and Metabolism of Drugs and Toxins: An Introduction to Xenobiochemistry, Michael Briggs, Maxine Briggs, Elsevier 1974.
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