1. Mass point kinematics (concept of space and time, definition of a mass point, position specification in various reference systems, trajectory, velocity, acceleration, classification and description of basic types of movements) 2. Mass point dynamics (force and mass, fundamental interactions, Newton's laws, Galilean principle of relativity, superposition of forces, momentum, forward and inverse dynamics, non-inertial frame of reference) 3. Work and energy (force as a vector field, infinitesimal and total work, power, conservative and dissipative fields, kinetic and potential energy, conservation of total mechanical energy, intensity and potential, type of friction forces, statics) 4. Gravitational field (central force, torque and angular momentum, areal velocity, Newton's law of universal gravitation, intensity and potential of gravitational field, uniform gravitational field, free fall, projectile motion, Kepler's laws, two-body problem) 5. Collections of mass points (free and rigid mass-point collections, center of mass, equations of motions, conservation of momentum, angular momentum, and total energy, center-of-mass reference frame, collisions and scattering) 6. Mechanics of rigid bodies (concept of a continuum, density, center of mass, translation and rotation of rigid bodies, König's theorem, moment and tensor of inertia, parallel axis theorem, equations of motion for rotations about a fixed axis and about a fixed point) 7. Mechanics of elastic bodies (body force and surface force, stress and strain, Hook's law of elasticity for pulling, shear stress, uniform pressure and torsions, stress-strain curve, elastic constants, Young's and sheer modulus) 8. Continuum mechanics (pressure, communicating vessels, Pascal's law, hydrostatic paradox, hydraulic jack, buoyant force, description and types of continuum movements, streamlines, continuity equation, Bernoulli's equation, viscosity) 9. Mechanical vibrations and waves (description of harmonic motion, harmonic oscillator, vibrations with damping, forced vibrations, resonance, superposition of harmonic oscillations, longitudinal and transverse waves, wave equation, standing waves, interference, Doppler effect) 10. Molecular physics (atomic theory and its historical development, postulates of kinetic theory of matter, properties of atoms and molecules, interatomic interactions, amount of substance, ideal gas, states of matter) 11. Thermodynamics (thermodynamic systems, state functions, thermal equilibrium, pressure-volume work, pressure-volume diagram, first and second law of thermodynamics, heat capacity, calorimetry, cyclic processes, Carnot cycle, entropy, thermodynamic temperature, thermodynamic potentials) 12. Kinetic theory of gases (probability and density of probability, Gaussian distribution of velocity components, Maxwell-Boltzmann distribution, equipartition theorem, relations for pressure and temperature, Brownian motion) 13. Transport phenomena and phase transitions (non-equilibrium states, flux, Fick's first and second law, heat transfer, Fourier's law, multi-component systems, chemical potential, phase equilibria and transitions, Clapeyron and Claussius-Clapeyron equations) Content of tutorials/seminar: Application of theory, introduced during the lectures, is demonstrated in tutorials on specific problems of physics and technical practice. Solutions of advanced problems could be shown by a teacher; however, active work of students is supposed on all other types of problems and examples.
|
-
Bajer, J. Mechanika 1-3, VUP. Olomouc, 2004.
-
Feynman, Richard Phillips; Leighton, Robert B.,; Sands, Matthew L.; Štoll, Ivan. Feynmanovy přednášky z fyziky s řešenými příklady. 1/3. 1. čes. vyd. Praha : Fragment, 2000. ISBN 80-7200-405-0.
-
Halliday, D., Resnick, R., Walker, J. Fyzika (Část 1 - Mechanika, Část 2 - Termodynamika). Vutium Brno a Prometheus Praha, 2000.
-
Horák, Z.:. Technická fyzika, SNTL Praha, 1978..
-
Kvasnica, Josef. Mechanika. Vyd. 2. Praha : Academia, 2004. ISBN 80-200-1268-0.
-
Kvasnica, Jozef. Matematický aparát fyziky. 2., opr. vyd. Praha : Academia, 1997. ISBN 80-200-0603-6.
-
Shankar, R.:. Fundamentals of Physics - Mechanics, Relativity, and Thermodynamics, 2019.
-
Svoboda, Emanuel; Bakule, Roman. Molekulová fyzika. Praha : Academia, 1992. ISBN 80-200-0025-9.
-
Špulák, František. Cvičení z obecné fyziky. I, Mechanika, molekulová fyzika a termika. 1. vyd. České Budějovice : Pedagogická fakulta, 1990.
|