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Lecturer(s)
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Pešková Jana, PhDr. Ph.D.
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Course content
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Introduction to lexicology and semantics. Basics of lexicography. Dictionaries and corpora. Vocabulary stratification. The origin of the Spanish lexicon. Primary vocabulary, cultisms. Principles of vocabulary enrichment. Neology. Borrowing mechanisms, types of borrowing. Formal neologisms: lexical morphology. Word structure, its components. Lexemes, morphemes. Basic types of word formation. Word formation in Spanish by morphological processes: derivation, composition, recomposition, shortening of words. Semantic neologisms. Mechanisms of meaning change, types and causes of semantic change. Syntagmatic relations between meanings: composition of meanings. Collocation, steady connections, paremia. Paradigmatic relationships between meanings: hyponymy, hyperonymy, antonymy, synonymy, polysemy, mononymy, homonymy.
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Learning activities and teaching methods
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Monologic (reading, lecture, briefing), Dialogic (discussion, interview, brainstorming), Work with text (with textbook, with book)
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Learning outcomes
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The aim of the course is to introduce students to the basic topics of lexicology and semantics with respect to the specifics of the Spanish language. The lectures are designed to bring students closer to the theoretical background of observed phenomena, which are consequently analyzed in seminars. Students will gain a theoretical insight into semantics and lexicology (concept and structure of the word, lexicon, principles of enrichment of vocabulary - semantic and morphological procedures, borrowings). Students are further introduced to paradigmatic relations of meaning (synonymy, antonymy, homonymy, polysemy), changes in meaning and their causes, basic lexicography procedures, etc. At the same time, students are helped to deepen the lexical and semantic competence of a foreign language user through rich language materials. At the end of the course students will be able to semantic-lexical analysis of text with insight into theoretical concepts. The course is taught in Spanish.
After completing the course the student will understand the basic topics of this discipline (see objectives and content). In the context of the of the above mentioned requirements, students will also be able to apply this knowledge to specific language materials, and to think about certain phenomena with the help of specialized literature (reading). Due to teaching in Spanish and working with linguistic material, the student deepens his / her lexical competence (at B2, C1 and C2 levels - see the vocabulary in Plan Curricular del Instituto Cervantes).
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Prerequisites
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No special prerequisites.
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Assessment methods and criteria
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Oral examination, Written examination, Student performance assessment
To successfully complete this subject, it is necessary to meet the following conditions: 1. Active participation in seminars. Three absences are tolerated. 2. Individual continuous preparation, especially reading recommended extension texts and completing assigned independent tasks including their presentation in the seminar. 3. The final oral exam. Any uncertainty in individual preparation can be consulted by the student with the teacher during the tutorial (see URO pages).
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Recommended literature
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BARTOS - VALKOVA. La formación de palabras en espańol, Brno, FF MU. 2002..
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COSERIU, E. (1991). Principios de semántica estructural, Madrid, Gredos..
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ČERMÁK, F. (2001). Jazyk a jazykověda. Praha: Karolinum..
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DUBSKÝ, J. Základy španělské lexikologie pro překladatele a tlumočníky, Praha, SPN. 1997..
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GUERRERO RAMOS, G. Neologismos en el espańol actual, Madrid, Arco Libros, S.L. 1997..
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LAKOFF, G.; JOHNSON, M. (2002). Metafory, kterými žijeme, Host..
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LYONS, J. (1980). Semántica, Barcelona, Teide..
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PALEK, B. (1989). Základy obecné jazykovědy, Praha, SPN..
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SPITZOVÁ, E. Semántica espańola, Brno. 1996..
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Ulašin, Bohdan. Lexikológia španielskeho jazyka. Prvé vydanie. Bratislava : Univerzita Komenského v Bratislave, 2022. ISBN 978-80-223-5366-3.
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