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Vyučující
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Grivalský Tomáš, Ph.D.
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Cheel Horna José Carlos, Ph.D.
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Saurav Kumar, Ph.D.
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Štěrbová Karolína, Ing. Ph.D.
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Hrouzek Pavel, Mgr.
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Masojídek Jiří, prof. RNDr. CSc.
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Obsah předmětu
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1. Introduction to microalgal biotechnology - historical overview; concepts and trends; microalgae - definition, metabolism and physiology; biotechnologically relevant taxonomic groups of microalgae (biology, taxonomy and special requirements). 2.-3. Mass cultivation of Microalgae: Growth, nutrition and trophic possibilities for microalgae (phototrophic, heterotrophic and mixotrophic growth, trophic conversion); cultivation principles and types of cultivation process (batch vs. continuous, chemostat, turbidostat); evaluation of cultivation process - specific growth rate, productivity and steady state; productivities in different types of cultivation; cultivation systems for microalgae (construction principles and characteristics, laboratory vs. outdoor, open vs. closed systems, different types of photobioreactors and fermenters. 4. Biotechnological application of micro-algae: Application of algae in food and feed - specific of algal biomass as a food source; algae as a sink for carbon dioxide; use of microalgae in marine/freshwater aquacultures; agricultural application (bio-stimulants and bio-pesticides); use of algae in preparation of biofuels. The individual applications are described together with examples of the real application. 5. Biotechnology of macroalgae: History of macro-algae use (kelp highway, first Americans, Far East, Pacific, Europe); taxonomical groups (green, brown and red algae - seaweed / kelp); wild harvest vs aquaculture; use of macro-algae in food, feed and industry; macroalgal polysaccharides. 6. Algal high value products I: Algal carotenoid and fatty acids; fatty acids and their importance in human diet; carotenoids and their application in human medicine and nutrition. 7. Algal high value products II: Compounds with pharmacological potential isolated from microalgae (Polyphenols, peptides, sterols and alkaloids); bioprospecting of novel metabolites with pharmacological potential. 8. Down-stream processing of algae at industrial scale: Individual manipulation steps applied in down-stream process: 1) Cell harvesting methods (centifugation, floculation, flotation, filtration, cross-flow filtration, decanting); 2) Drying (air drying, spay drying); and 3) biomass processing (various extraction methods including preparation of oleoresins, disintegration, encapsulation). 9. Algal biorefinery concept: General concepts of biorefinery; main characteristics of first, second and third generation biorefineries; various downstream processing strategies and the potential opportunities, challenges, and future prospects of an algal biorefinery system; case studies of biorefinery processes and the economic viability of the biorafinery process is described. 10. Genetic modification of microalgae I: An introduction to molecular biology, synthetic biology and genetic engineering in algal biotechnology; genetic tool for model microalgae (eukaryotic organism-transformation, conjugation, CRISPR/Cas); developing Algae for commercial production (a case study). 11. Genetic modification of microalgae II: Genetic tool for model cyanobacteria; cyanobacterial gene structure; heterologous protein expression; heterologous expression of cyanobacterial secondary metabolites in model organisms; a case study on pharmaceutically important lead molecule. 12. Metabolic engineering in microalgae: The basic metabolic engineering for biofuel and high yield production of renewable fuels, producing biochemicals in cyanobacteria, altering metabolism to enhance productivity - case studies on secondary metabolites (terpenoids, carotenoids and small lead molecules); vaccines; drug delivery carriers; 4th generation of biofuels, and biohydrogen production. 13. Legislation aspect of algal biotechnology and algae based market: Development of algal biotechnology for human/animal/industrial use; main areas of use; commercial; key players; legislation and regulation in Europe and USA; Novel Food in EU; Patenting of novel strains; Budapest treat
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Studijní aktivity a metody výuky
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nespecifikováno
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Výstupy z učení
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The objective of the course is to demonstrate the applied potential of algae for human population which includes the production of food and feed, carbon sequestration, wastewater treatment, application in agriculture, and production of various specialized chemicals or pharmacology and biotechnology. Lectures should show a specific biotechnological solutions for mass production of algae and their down-stream processing, but also modern applications of algae, including their metabolic engineering and the production of highly valuable substances.
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Předpoklady
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nespecifikováno
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Hodnoticí metody a kritéria
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nespecifikováno
Protocols showing the outputs of the given task during the training with critical evaluation of the obtained results. Conceptualization of a small project for a development of a company in the field of algal biotechnology as a part of the oral examination (seminar work). Passing the oral examination revolving around the topic of the seminar work (min. 50 %).
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Doporučená literatura
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Abu-Ghosh S., Dubinsky Z., Verdelho V., Iluz D. (2021): Unconventional high-value products from microalgae: A review. Bioresour Technol. 2021 Jun; 329:124895. doi: 10.1016/j.biortech.2021.124895.
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Acién Fernández FG, Fernández Sevilla JM, Molina Grima E (2019) Costs analysis of microalgae production. In: Biofuels from Algae. Elsevier, pp 551-566.
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Borowitszka M. (2013): High-value products from microalgae-their development and commercialisation. Journal of Applied Phycology: 743-756.
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Richmond A, Hu Q (eds) (2013) Handbook of microalgal culture: Applied phycology and biotechnology, Second edi. Wiley-Blackwell.
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Show K-Y, Yan Y-G, Lee D-J (2019) Algal biomass harvesting and drying. In: Biofuels from Algae. Elsevier, pp 135-166.
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Urtubia, Hector Osorio, Lucy Belmar Betanzo, and Mónica Vásquez (2016): "Microalgae and cyanobacteria as green molecular factories: tools and perspectives." Algae-organisms for imminent biotechnology (2016): 1-27.
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